Nasturtiums (Tropaeolum majus) are one of the easiest and most rewarding plants to grow in your garden. Known for their vibrant, edible flowers and unique foliage, these hardy annuals can add a splash of color to any garden bed, hanging basket, or container. Whether you’re a beginner gardener or a seasoned green thumb, this comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about growing nasturtium seeds, from planting to harvesting and beyond.
In this detailed, expert-backed guide, we’ll address your most pressing questions and provide actionable insights to help you grow stunning nasturtiums that will thrive in any space. So, let’s get started on creating a vibrant garden filled with these beautiful, easy-to-grow plants!
1. Why Choose Nasturtium Seeds for Your Garden?
Nasturtiums are a vibrant addition to any garden, offering not only bright flowers but also a variety of health benefits. These plants are not just pretty; they are edible and can be used in salads, sandwiches, and even as a garnish. The flowers have a peppery taste that’s similar to watercress, making them a great addition to culinary dishes.
Here are a few reasons to consider growing nasturtium seeds in your garden:
- Easy to Grow: Nasturtiums thrive in poor soil and are relatively low-maintenance, making them a great choice for beginners.
- Vibrant Colors: The flowers come in a range of colors, including red, orange, yellow, and cream, making them a great option for adding a splash of color to your garden.
- Companion Planting Benefits: Nasturtiums help repel aphids and other pests, making them an excellent companion for vegetables like tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers.
- Edible Flowers and Leaves: Beyond their ornamental value, nasturtiums are a superfood rich in Vitamin C, antioxidants, and other essential nutrients.
- Quick Growth: These plants grow quickly, making them perfect for gardeners who want fast results.
2. When to Plant Nasturtium Seeds
Timing is crucial when it comes to planting nasturtium seeds. They prefer a warm climate and should be planted after the last frost, typically in spring when the soil temperature reaches at least 50°F (10°C).
Best Time to Plant Nasturtium Seeds
- Spring: In most regions, the ideal planting time is in the late spring to early summer. Nasturtiums love warm weather and full sun, so avoid planting them too early in the season.
- Indoor Planting: If you live in a cooler climate, you can start nasturtium seeds indoors about 4-6 weeks before the last frost date. Once the seedlings are strong enough and the outdoor temperature is consistently warm, transplant them outdoors.
Soil Temperature
Nasturtium seeds need soil that is 50°F (10°C) or warmer to germinate effectively. Avoid planting too early, as cold soil can stunt growth or prevent germination altogether.
3. Choosing the Best Location for Nasturtium Plants
Nasturtiums thrive in full sun but can tolerate some light shade. They prefer a well-draining soil that is not too rich. In fact, nasturtiums perform best in poor to moderately fertile soil, as too much nitrogen can cause them to produce more leaves than flowers.
Ideal Growing Conditions
- Sunlight: Full sun is best for vibrant blooms, but they can tolerate partial shade.
- Soil: Slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 6.0–7.0) with good drainage is ideal.
- Spacing: Space seeds about 8-12 inches (20-30 cm) apart to allow for proper airflow and growth.
Also Read: How to Grow Tulips
4. How to Plant Nasturtium Seeds: A Step-by-Step Guide
Planting nasturtium seeds is simple and requires minimal effort. Follow these easy steps to ensure successful germination and growth.
Step 1: Prepare the Soil
Before planting, loosen the soil in your garden or container, ensuring it’s well-draining. You can add a bit of compost, but avoid using too much fertilizer, as nasturtiums prefer poor soil.
Step 2: Plant the Seeds
- Direct Sowing: Plant the nasturtium seeds directly into the soil. Make a small hole about 1 inch (2.5 cm) deep, then drop in a seed. Cover it lightly with soil and water gently.
- Indoor Planting: If starting indoors, use peat pots or biodegradable pots to avoid disturbing the roots when transplanting. Keep them in a warm, sunny location until they are strong enough to move outdoors.
Step 3: Watering
Nasturtiums like their soil to be kept moist, especially during germination. Water regularly, but make sure the soil doesn’t become waterlogged, as this can lead to root rot.
Step 4: Thin the Seedlings
Once the seedlings have grown a few inches tall, thin them out to ensure that each plant has enough space to grow. Leave the strongest seedlings and remove the weaker ones.
5. Nasturtium Care: Watering, Feeding, and Pruning
While nasturtiums are low-maintenance, they still benefit from a little attention. Here’s how to keep your plants healthy:
Watering
- Consistent Moisture: Nasturtiums need consistent moisture, but the soil should not be soggy. Water deeply and regularly, especially during hot, dry spells.
Feeding
- Avoid Over-Fertilizing: Nasturtiums do not need a lot of fertilizer. In fact, too much fertilizer can lead to lush foliage with few flowers. If necessary, use a balanced, low-nitrogen fertilizer once or twice during the growing season.
Pruning
- Deadheading: Regularly remove dead or faded flowers to encourage new blooms. This also prevents the plant from going to seed too early.
- Cutting Back: If your nasturtiums become leggy or overgrown, trim them back to promote a bushier, more compact growth habit.
6. Companion Planting: Boost Your Garden’s Health
Nasturtiums are excellent companions for many plants, particularly vegetables. Here’s how they can benefit your garden:
- Pest Repellent: Nasturtiums are known to repel pests like aphids, whiteflies, and squash bugs. Plant them near your vegetables to naturally deter these pests.
- Pollinator-Friendly: The bright flowers attract pollinators like bees and butterflies, which will help pollinate your other garden plants.
Best Companion Plants for Nasturtiums
- Tomatoes: Nasturtiums help protect tomatoes from aphids.
- Cucumbers: They deter cucumber beetles and attract pollinators.
- Peppers: Nasturtiums act as a natural deterrent for aphids and other pests.
7. Common Problems with Nasturtiums and How to Fix Them
While nasturtiums are generally low-maintenance, they are susceptible to a few common issues. Here’s how to troubleshoot:
Problem 1: Yellowing Leaves
- Cause: Overwatering or poor drainage.
- Solution: Ensure your soil is well-draining and adjust your watering schedule to prevent waterlogged roots.
Problem 2: Pests
- Cause: Aphids, caterpillars, and slugs.
- Solution: Use organic pest control methods, like neem oil or insecticidal soap. Introduce beneficial insects like ladybugs to control aphids naturally.
Problem 3: Leggy Growth
- Cause: Insufficient sunlight or over-fertilization.
- Solution: Ensure your nasturtiums are getting at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. Cut back on the fertilizer.
8. Harvesting Nasturtium Seeds: A Complete Guide
Once your nasturtiums have finished blooming, it’s time to harvest the seeds. Here’s how to collect and store them:
Step 1: Let the Seed Pods Ripen
Allow the seed pods to mature on the plant until they are dry and brown. This usually happens in late summer or early fall.
Step 2: Remove the Seeds
Once the pods are dry, carefully break them open and collect the seeds. Store them in a cool, dry place until you are ready to plant again.
Step 3: Store Properly
Keep the seeds in an airtight container to prevent moisture from getting in. Store them in a cool, dry location, and they should remain viable for up to 3 years.
9. FAQs About Growing Nasturtium Seeds
- How long do nasturtium seeds take to germinate?
- Nasturtium seeds typically take 7-10 days to germinate in warm, well-drained soil.
- Can I grow nasturtiums indoors?
- Yes! Nasturtiums can be grown indoors in containers. Make sure they have enough sunlight (at least 6 hours a day) and well-draining soil.
- Are nasturtiums frost-tolerant?
- No, nasturtiums are not frost-tolerant. They should be planted after the last frost date and are best grown in warm climates.
- Why are my nasturtiums not flowering?
- Lack of sunlight, excessive nitrogen in the soil, or too much water can cause nasturtiums to focus on foliage growth rather than flowers. Ensure they get plenty of sunlight and avoid over-fertilizing.
- Can I eat nasturtium flowers and leaves?
- Yes, both the flowers and leaves of nasturtiums are edible. They have a peppery taste and are great additions to salads, sandwiches, and garnish dishes.
10. Conclusion: Create a Vibrant Garden with Nasturtium Seeds
Growing nasturtium seeds is a simple and rewarding way to add color, fragrance, and even nutrition to your garden. With their ease of care and multiple benefits—ranging from pest control to edible flowers—nasturtiums are a must-have for any gardener. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you’ll be well on your way to creating a vibrant garden that thrives year after year. Happy planting!
